Medi 05 - Trychineb New Orleans. Wele erthygl wych Tom McGurk yn y Sunday Business Post yma. Dyfynaf ran, ond mae'n werth darllen y cwbl:
At the core of US foreign ambitions has been the notion that the sooner the rest of the world is refashioned in America's likeness, the better. When George W Bush talks about spreading freedom and democracy across the globe, what he really means is making the rest of the world more like America.
Why? Because, according to the American myth, the US today is the realisation of centuries of achievement and ambition. You could even see it in the snarl-lines around Donald Rumsfeld's mouth when he referred to ‘old Europe'.
Well, let's look at the society the US has ambitions to inflict on the rest of the world. If the flood tides pouring through the New Orleans levees have swept anything to the surface, it is the great secret the US has hidden for generations.
The secret is that, beyond all the braggadocio and superpoweritis of its media society dominated as it is by entertainment values is the reality that almost 40 per cent of Americans live in a third world, side by side with the first world.
It is a third world where educational, social, medical and employment opportunities simply do not exist; a third world that is uniquely of America's own making.
You can see them on all the news programmes this weekend, sitting on rooftops and motorway intersections, possessing nothing more than the clothes they are wearing. Here, in the world's greatest superpower, which has the technology and resources to move mountains and drain oceans, are its own citizens starving, without water, abandoned and left waving in desperation at passing press helicopters.
What a view of the American dream they have from the streets, where they are competing with the fleeing rats and the wild animals to find food and shelter.
In a mere 72 hours, as parts of New Orleans fell into complete social disorder, the White House has apparently been more concerned about the law and order problem than about the waterless, starving, dying masses.
Dydi'r Dde yn America ddim yn cytuno wrth gwrs - mae ganddyn nhw eglurhad haws o lawer - sef.
Ychydig fisoedd ynghynt 'roedd yr UDA yn gwneud eu gorau i orfodi eu ffordd nhw o fyw ar Irac trwy ymosod ar dref Fallujah. (Not for those of a nervous disposition oedd y geiriau a ddefnyddid ar y teledu ers talwm).
Gwibiwch yn ol ddeugain mlynedd i Mai Lay
Gwibiwn yn ol ymhellach i'r bedwerydd ganrif ar bymtheg, a gwreiddiau'r feddylfryd asgell dde Americanaidd bresenol, meddylfryd sydd yn edrych yn ol America'r bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg fel rhyw baradwys bydol - byd di dreth a di wladwriaeth les, byd lle byddai ymdrech yn cael ei gwobreuo, byd lle'r oedd parch at gyfraith a threfn, byd lle'r oedd y tlawd a'r tywyll eu croen yn gwybod eu lle, byd lle nad oedd y wladwriaeth efo rhyw lawer o ddylanwad ar fywyd yr unigolyn. Ac wrth gwrs, nid oedd unman gwell na'r Dixie.
Ond wrth gwrs ffantasi ydi'r uchod. Ceir awgrym o wir natur y gymdeithas, a'r wleidyddiaeth sydd wedi gwreiddio ynddi yma, ac yn fwy erchyll yma. (Un arall i'w osgoi gan bobl y nervous disposition).
Y peth mwyaf arwyddocaol am y lluniau iasoer, trist yma i mi ydi bod cymaint ohonynt yn gardiau post - roedd y sawl oedd yn gyfrifol am y lynchings (dim gair Cymraeg amdano hyd y gwn i - mae'n debyg na fu rheswm i fathu gair yng Nghymru) yn poeni dim y byddai eu gweithredoedd yn cael eu cofnodi ar ffilm a'u dosbarthu. 'Roedd y gymdeithas a edrychir yn ol arni gyda'r fath hiraeth yn sespit o lofryddiaeth, hiliaeth, oedd a diffyg ymdeimlad llwyr o gyfrifoldeb sifil a chymdeithasol.
Ond wedyn mae diwylliant gwleidyddol Prydain yn dra gwahanol wrth gwrs.
Wel, tybed? Mae'n debyg gen i fod y wladwriaeth Brydeinig wedi bod i ryfel yn erbyn mwy o elynion gwahanol nag unrhyw wlad arall erioed. Maen nhw'n dweud bod deg ar hugain gair gan yr Esgimo am gwahanol fathau o eira. Mae eira yn rhan canolog o'r cyflwr o fod yn Esgimo. Yn yr un ffordd mae dwsinau o eiriau Saesneg i ddilorni pobl o gefndiroedd ethnig gwahanol. Fedra i ddim meddwl am un gair o'r fath yn y Gymraeg. Maent rif y gwlith yn y Saesneg.
A cheir blas ar y feddylfryd ar waith o edrych yn ol i'r bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg unwaith eto.
Yn yr 1840au hwyr yn yr Iwerddon cafwyd pydredd yn lledaenu trwy gynhaeafau tatws y wlad am nifer o flynyddoedd yn olynol. Tatws oedd prif ffynhonell bwyd ac incwm y tlodion gwledig - ac roedd miliynau ohonynt. Trwy gydol y cyfnod 'roedd y tirfeddianwyr Seisnig, oedd wedi dwyn tir y Pabyddion cynhenid mewn canrifoedd blaenorol, yn allforio grawn i Loegr.
Syrthiodd angau a distryw tros eangdiroedd enfawr o Mayo trwy'r canoldiroedd ac i Cork tra ai'r allforio rhagddo. Bu farw llawer ar ochrau'r lonydd, yn y ffosydd ac yn y caeau, gan bydru, neu gael eu bwyta gan anifeiliaid lle'r oeddynt wedi syrthio - fel defaid. Caeodd llawer, llawer mwy eu hunain y tu ol i ddrysau eu tai fel y dynesai marwolaeth, er mwyn marw ymysg y sawl a'u carodd, gan geisio cadw gafael ar y mymryn urddas oedd yn weddill iddynt hyd y diwedd. Mae geiriau Fr Ward, offeiriad, yn dysteb dagreuol i dreueni'r bobl hyn, a'u penderfyniad pathetig i adael y byd yn barchus:
Our poorhouse is crammed. Still, thousands are craving admittance in vain, hoping to be coffined, rather than be exposed after death to dogs or wild birds of prey.
Yn y cyfamser 'roedd yr allforio yn mynd yn ei flaen, ac 'roedd y fframwaith deallusol a ddefnyddid i egluro hyn yn weddol gyfarwydd unrhyw un heddiw sydd wedi darllen ymateb rhai ar eithafion asgell Dde gwleidyddiaeth America i'r tsunami yn Asia a'r llifogydd yn New Orleans. Mae'r Arglwydd Trevelyan yn rhoi'r feddylfryd honno mewn geiriau'n weddol dwt:
The Famine was the judgment of God on an indolent and unself-reliant people. It was the cure ... applied by the direct stroke of an all wise Providence in a manner as unexpected ... as it is likely to be effectual! As God had sent the calamity to teach the Irish a lesson, that calamity must not be too much mitigated.
Ysgrifennodd yr Esgob John MacHale o Tuam y canlynol i'r Arglwydd John Russell, prif weinidog Prydain:
Your great destiny is the rescuing of an entire people from the jaws of famine.
Ond nid felly oedd Russell yn ei gweld hi. Y person a anfonwyd i liniaru ychydig ar y newyn oedd Sir Randolph Routh, a dyma a ddywedodd wrth ddirprwyaeth ddaeth i'w weld yn Achill:
It is essential to the success of commerce that the mercantile interest should not be interfered with; that it is a mistake to lower prices to assist starving people, for it gave bad habits to the people; and that the government was now determined not to interfere with the merchants but to act in accordance with the enlightened principles of political economy.
Efallai bod dataganiad Synod Thurles i bobl Iwerddon yn 1850 yn mynegi'n berffaith beth ddylai unrhyw un gydag owns o gydymdeimlad a'i gyd ddyn feddwl o'r feddylfryd Eingl Sacsonaidd asgell Dde sy'n rhoi aur o flaen cyd ddyn, damcaniaethau gwleidyddol ac economaidd o flaen atal poen a dioddefaint - ac sydd eisiau allforio'r feddylfryd i weddill y byd - gyda chymorth taflegrau Cruise a bomiau clwstwr os oes angen.
The desolating track of the Exterminator, is to be traced in too many parts of the country - in those levelled cottages and roofless abodes where so many virtuous and industrious families have been torn by brute force, without distinction of age or sex, sickness or health, and flung upon the highway to perish in the extremity of want....
We behold our poor not only crushed and overwhelmed by the awful visitation of Heaven, but frequently the victims of the most ruthless oppression that ever disgraced the annals of humanity. ... we see them treated with a cruelty that would cause the heart to ache if inflicted on the beasts of the field ... One of the worst fruits of the False Teaching of the age, has been to generate a spirit of contempt, hard heartedness, and hostility to the Poor. While the Gospel everywhere breathes respect and love for the poor ... the spirit of error ... denounces them as the great nuisance of the moral world.
Amen
O.N Cyfandir arall, ond yr un hen stori. Newydd ddod ar draws hwn:
Rhag ofn nad ydych yn gallu darllen y llawysgrifen - dyma'r neges:
You will do well to try to inoculate the Indians by means of [smallpox-infected] blankets, as well as to try every other method that can serve to extirpate this execrable race."
- Cadfridog Amherst, Arglwydd Gadfridog Prydain yng Ngogledd America.
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